General Index
This index contains the names of localities, tribes, and sects, and also selected topics of a general interest. Only the most important page references are mentioned in connection with a name that occurs a great many times.
__A_ — __B_ — __C_ — __D_ — __E_ — __F_ — __G_ — __H_ — __I_ — __J_ — __K_ — __L_ — __M_ — __N_ — __O_ — __P_ — __Q_ — __R_ — __S_ — __T_ — __U_ — __V_ — __W_ — __Y_ — __Z_
‘Abbās, Banū al- (‘Abbāsides), 39, 213, 237, 258, 344, 405, 502
‘Abd al-Dār, tribe, 213, 231
‘Abd Manāh, tribe, 449
‘Abd al-Qays (‘Abd al-Kays tribe), 88, 195, 232, 277, 386
‘Abd al-Shams, tribe, 213, 252, 401, 405
‘Abd Wadd, tribe, 349
Abhar, 498
Abjād, 7
Ablūṭ, 753
Abrashahr, 822
Abrogating and abrogated, 83, 397, 551, 553, 554, 556, 570
‘Abs, tribe, 232
Abū Lahab, tribe, 515
Abyssinia, Abyssinians, 36, 215
‘Ād, tribe, 207, 208, 476
‘Adan (Aden), 493
Ādharbayjān, 24, 424, 468, 473, 569, 817–18
‘Adī (‘Adīy), tribe, 100, 210, 213, 231, 244, 349
Āditya, 833
‘Adl, al-, wa-al-Tawḥīd, see Mu‘tazilah
‘Adnān, tribe, 7, 8, 129
‘Adwān, tribe, 90, 211, 350
Afghanistān, 830
Āghā Khān, 462
Aghori of Mt. Abu, 836
Ahl al-dhimmah, 530, 751
Ahl al-kitāb, 751, 753
Aḥsā’, al-, 464, 468
Ahwāz, al-, 117, 159, 224, 225, 262, 329, 497, 801, 817
‘Akk, tribe, 211
‘Alawīyah, al-, 823
Alchemy (alchemists), al-kimīyā’, 408, 474, 581, 843–68
ancient philosophers interested, 844, 849–50
external and internal, 867
Aleppo (Ḥalab), xvii, 183, 313
Alexandria, 46, 576, 603, 636, 637, 642, 644, 848
Algebra, 642, 653
‘Alī, tribe, 211
Almagest of Ptolemy, 639; 586, 616, 635, 638, 649, 660, 862
Amalekites (al-‘Amālīq), 207, 856
Āmid, 627
‘Āmilah, tribe, 211
‘Āmir, tribe, 98, 99, 194, 211, 213, 231, 232, 546, 548
‘Ammān, 225
Amoy, 839
‘Amr, tribe, 93, 231
Amr, al-, bi-al-Ma‘rūf, 397, 414
Āmū Daryā, River of Balkh, 792, 802
Āmul (A’amul), 256, 563
Analogy, see Qiyās, al-
‘Anazah, tribe, 232
Anbār, al-, city, 78, 163, 179, 216, 259, 423, 501; tribe, 107, 501
Andals, 841
Andalus, 30, 216
1138
Annam (Champa or al-Ṣanf), 831
‘Anqā’ Mughrib, fabulous bird, 332, 401
‘Ans, tribe, 212, 233
Ansār, al-, 58, 215, 219
Antioch, 579
Anwā’, al-, 191
‘Aqīl, tribe, 352
‘Aqīq, al-, 243
‘Aqr, al-, 202
Arab, Arabian, 39, 96–109, 121, 403, 406
Arākah, al-, 181
Aram, tribe, 8
Arārah, tribe, 385
Ares, 755
Aristotle’s will, 596–98
Arithmetic (calculation), 617, 628, 634–72
Armām, Battle of, 236
Armenia, Armenians, 117, 225, 259, 576, 695, 799, 817
Arqā’īl, see Erguiul
Arrajān, 307
Art, the, see Alchemy
Asad, tribe, 100, 107, 118, 155, 199, 204, 207, 210, 213, 217, 231, 349, 549
As‘adūn, tribe, 233
Asāwirah, al-, 225, 390
Ascetics, see Ṣūfī
Aṣḥāb al-Kahf, 227
Ash‘ar, tribe, 212
Ashja‘, tribe, 211, 349
Ashkanian, 713, 715, 773
Ashmūn, 845
Ashūriyūn, al-, 813
‘Askar, al-, 131, 136, 434, 470
‘Askar al-Mahdī, 214, 219, 273, 500
‘Askar Mukram, 130, 463
‘Asqalān (Askalon), 224, 637
Astrolabe, 642, 644, 649, 650, 652, 654–71
Astrology, and astronomy, 618, 621–22, 628, 634–72
Aswāriyah, 38
Athens, Athenian, 575, 590, 591, 596
Athribis, 845
‘Ātikah, 311
Auguries, 736–37, 760, 764–65
‘Awf, tribe, 231
Awradjlyūn, al-, 813–14
Aws, tribe, 118, 212, 215, 233, 243
Awṣāf, al-, wa-al-Tashbīhāt, book by al-Nadīm, xvi, 22
‘Ayn, Kitāb al-, 94-96, 132, 138, 161, 169, 175, 183, 184, 328
‘Ayn al-Wardah, see Ra’s al-‘Ayn
Azāriqah, al-, 202, 239, 417
Azd, tribe, 93, 117, 123, 128, 212, 237, 349
Baalbek (Ba‘labakk), 29
Bab Darb al-Asad, 505
Bāb Funduq al-Zayt, 757
Bābakīyah, al- (al-Khurramīyah), 818–22
Bābil, Babylon, Babylonians, 22, 26, 463, 572, 575, 576, 578, 644, 674, 718, 773, 792–93, 802
Bāb Khurāsān, 656
Bāb Muḥawwal, 424
Bāb al-Sarāb (al-Sharāb), 757
Bāb al-Shām, 504, 854
Backgammon, see Nard
Bādarāyā, 773
Badhandūn, al-, 752
Badhdh, 818–20
Badr, battle, 223, 437, 455
Baghbūr, 838–39, 840
Baghdād, 69, 119, 143
Baghīd, tribe, 116
Baghrān, 838–39
Bāhilah, tribe, 117, 210, 232, 428
Baḥrayn, al-, 116, 216, 225
Bahurasīr, 813
Bājarwān, 115
Bajīlah, tribe, 123, 212, 233, 349
Bakr, tribe, 230, 243
Bakrananīyah, see Shackled
Bakrīyah, al-, 415
Bākusāyā, 773
Bal‘am, tribe, 231
Balharā, al-, 827
Balī (Ballī) tribe, 212, 480
Balkh, 24, 702, 824, 828; River of, see Amū Daryā
Balqayn, tribe, 212
Balthā, see Venus
Bāmar, al-, 225
1139
Bāmiyān (Bamian), 828–29
Banū, see proper names which follow this form
Barābī (Barābā), 847, 864, 868
Barājim, tribe, 232
Barāmikah, see Barmak Family
Bardesanians, see Dayṣānīyūn
Bardha‘ah, 424
Bāriq, tribe, 212
Barmak Family (Barāmikah, Barmakids), 143, 230, 267, 292, 326, 396, 587
Barqah, 225
Baṣrah, al-, 86–140, 170–91
Baṭā’iḥ, al-, 806, 811
Bawāzīj, al-, 569
Bawlān, 7
Bayhasīyah, al-, 452
Bayt al-Ḥikmah, 230, 274, 584, 639
Berber (Barbar), Berbers, 35, 465, 466
Bijah, tribe, 35
Bilāl-Ābād, 818, 820
Bīmāristān, al- (hospital), 247
Binkath (Tashqand), 803
Birds of prey, 739
Blaghā’, 36
Bohra, 462
Bombay, 830
Book, The, of Sībawayh, 112, 114, 123–126, 128, 131, 135, 139, 142, 185
Bookbinders, 18
Books, their virtues, 20
Bridge, frontier of Tibet, 842
Budāsaf, 824, 831
Buddha, Buddhism, 831–32
Buffons (clowns), 334–42, 735
Bukhārā, 803
Bulgar, al-, 36, 37
Būq River, 278
Burghar (Burghaz), al-, 36, 254, 400
Bushān, 837
Buṣrā, 224
Bustān, al-, 225
Būzjān, 667
Byzantines, Byzantine country, 410, 548, 579–85, 645, 647, 653, 718, 752, 763
Caesarea (al-Qaysarīyah), 224, 552
Calligraphy, Calligraphers (see also Scripts), early innovators, 10; viziers and secretaries, 17; using gold ink, 18; used for alchemy, 864–65
Cambodia (Khmer or Qimār), 831
Camel, Battle of, 117, 202, 203, 215, 223, 238, 241, 438, 539, 553
Cancer, constellation, 622
Canton (Khānfū), 838, 840
Caucasus (al-Qabq), 37
Chalcis, in Euboea, 597
Chaldaean, Chaldaeans, 578, 731, 745, 847
Chaldaean Ṣābians, 586, 745
Champa (Tchampa), 831
Chandrabheknīyah, see moon worshipers
Ch’ang-an, 837
Charms; see Talismans
Chess, 304, 341–42, 408
China, Chinese, 31, 37, 39, 40, 89, 90, 574, 576, 726, 776, 802, 806, 836–42, 868
Christ (al-Masīḥ), Christians, 27, 48, 290, 388, 419, 448–49, 579, 581, 585, 612, 752, 776, 836–37; Christian sects, 814–16
City of Peace (Madīnat al-Salām), see Baghdād
Clepsydra, 636, 646, 672
Clowns, see Buffoons
Comets, 624, 642
Commentary (tafsīr al-Qur’ān), see Qur’ān
Conics, 637, 649
Constantinople, 586
Convent of Hind, 199
Cooking, cooked food, 742
Copt, Coptic, 36, 574, 581, 847
Coptos, 845
Cos, 674
Cosmology, 620
Court companions, see Nadīm
Cronus, see Saturn
Ctesiphon, 773, 799, 813
Cyprus, see Qubrus
Ḍabāb, tribe, see Ḍibāb
1140
Ḍabbah, tribe, 92, 109, 212, 231, 349, 383, 547, 548
Ḍabīr, 153
Dahri, 468
Dahrīyah, al-, 393, 415
Dakhūl, al-, 311
Damascus (Dimashq), 27, 223, 224, 513, 583, 705
Damascus Gate, 163
Damāwand (Demavend), 23
Dār, al- (House of ‘Uthmān), 215
Dār al-Rūm (Court of the Greeks), xviii, 448, 837
Darb Abū Ḥanīfah, 504
Darb Asad, 508
Darb al-Dhahab, 854
Darb al-Ikhshād, 432
Darb al-Qibāb, 424
Dārim, tribe, 231, 308
Dasht, al-, 812
Dashtīyūn, al- (al-Dashtīn), 810, 812
Daskarah, al-, 268
Dastumīsān, 224, 262, 774
Dawraq, 159
Daws, tribe, 183, 208
Daylam, Daylamīyah, 296, 377, 482, 817
Dayr Kādī (Kādhī), 757, 764
Dayr Qunnā, 630
Dayṣānīyūn, al-, (Bardesanians), 463, 797–98, 805–806, 815
Dayṣān River, 776, 805
Deities, see Gods
Delphi, Oracle, 594
Demons (devils, satans), 727–28,756, 833
Dhū al-Abāriq, 122
Dhuhl, tribe, 193, 217, 349
Dhū Qar, battle, 243
Dialogues of Plato, 592–93
Ḍibāb, tribe, 209, 350
Dim, tribe, 212
Dimashq, see Damascus
Dinabaktanīyah, see Sun worshipers
Dīnawar, al-, 170, 172, 792, 817
Dīnāwwariyah, al-, 792
Diyār Bakr, 627
Diymart (Daymart), 188
Dreams, 742
Dualists, 33, 419, 622, 745, 804, 812, 839
Dūmah, tribe, 8
Eclipse, 622, 652, 660
Egypt, Egyptian, 27, 28, 39, 247, 460, 472, 516–17, 579, 673, 726, 843–45, 868
Elements (the four and the five), 777, 786, 861
Elephants, 91, 215
Elixir (al-iksir), 850, 854, 863
Eloquent authors, 244–76
Ephesus, 686
Erguiul (Arqā’il), 840
Euphrates, 27
Fables, see Stories
Faḍ, 7
Fadhūl, al-, 206
Fahm, tribe, 211, 350
Falcons, 739
Fam al-Ṣilḥ, 69, 217, 268, 394, 549
Fanā’, al-, ecstatic union with God, 474
Faq‘as, Banū, 153, 229
Fārāb, 629
Farāhīd, al-, 93
Faraj, 829
Farghānah, 662
Fāris, 225, 464, 468.
Fārisīyah, al-, 801
Fāriyāb, 629
Fars, 24, 180, 268
Fasā, 507
Faṣil, al-, 430
Fayd, 548
Fazārah, tribe, 209, 232, 349
Fiḥl (Pella), 224
Fiṭr, ‘Īd al-, feast, 459
Flood, The, 39
Franks, 30, 38
Fuḍayhyah (Fuḍīliyah), al-, 417
Fulḥān, al-, 39
Fuqaym, tribe, 397
Furāt, tribe, 94
Fusṭāṭ, al-, 467
Gad, 760
Ganga (Ganges), Ganges pilgrims, 835
1141
Genealogy, genealogists, 192–252
Geometry, 619, 634–72
Georgia, 576
Ghāliyah, see Ghulāt
Ghandār, 830
Ghanī (Ghanīy) tribe, 210, 229, 232
Ghassān, tribe, 212, 233
Ghaṭafān, tribe, 117, 210
Ghawl, al-, Battle of, 236
Ghaylāniyah, al-, 388, 417
Ghazīyah, tribe, 208
Ghazzah (Gaza), 224
Ghulāt (Ghulah), 383, 539
Gods, pagan, 755–66, 827–34
Gold, ink, 18; in alchemy, 843–68
Gospel, 42, 45
Government records; translation into Arabic, 581–83
Grammar, 86–191
Grammarians of al-Baṣrah, 86–140; of al-Kūfah, 141-169; of both schools, 170–189
Greek, Greeks, 28, 30, 36, 38, 39, 42, 574–79, 583–614, 635–66, 736, 739, 868
Guru, 836
Ḥabiṭ, tribe, 231
Ḥāḍir Ṭayy, 261
Ḥadīth, al-, 75, 190, 545–62
Ḥadīthah, al-, 88, 434
Ḥaḍramawt, 91, 233
Ḥajūn, al-, cemetery, 243
Ḥakam, tribe, 212
Halley’s Comet, 624
Hamadhān, 24, 216, 411, 773, 817
Ḥamāh, 462
Ḥamāmā, 133
Ḥamāsah, al-, 365, 374
Ḥamdān, 183, 212, 233
Ḥanīfah, tribe, 47, 210, 232, 349
Ḥanjūn, 839
Hanoi, 831
Ḥanẓalah, tribe, 307, 385
Ḥaqīl, 122
Haramayn, al-, see Pyramids
Ḥaramayn; Makkah and al-Madīnah, 470
Ḥaramīyah, al-, see Khurramīyah
Harāt, 552
Ḥārith, tribe, 111, 211, 213, 231, 233, 349
Ḥarnānīyah, al-, 745–72, 811
Ḥarrah, al-, 46, 434; the battlefield, 201, 238
Ḥarrān, 22, 46, 181, 200, 259, 274, 647, 661, 665, 670
Ḥarrānīyah, al-, 745–72
Ḥarrat Wāqim, 224
Ḥasanīyah, al-, 489, 525
Ḥashawīyah (Ḥashwīyah) al-, xvi, 417, 557
Hāshimites (Banū Hāshim), 106, 228, 245, 321, 401
Ḥasīḥ, al-, 811
Ḥāṭā, 7
Hāwar, 7
Ḥawayl, 8
Ḥawmal, 311
Hawn, al-, 204
Ḥawz, 259
Ḥayyāl al-Mayl, 127
Hazār Afsān, 713–14
Ḥazzah, 569
Hebrew, 27, 37, 38, 42
Ḥijāz, al-, 79, 202, 209, 244, 324, 494
Hijris, al-, 207
Hilāl, tribe, 453
Ḥimṣ (Homs), 224, 463
Ḥimyar, tribe, 8, 9, 36, 208, 212, 233, 493, 551
Ḥīrah, al-, 7, 98, 99, 164, 209, 218, 225, 693
Ḥirmāz, tribe, 106
Hishāmīyah, al-, 437
Ḥiṣn, tribe, 264
History, historians, 192–228
Hīt, 552
Horses, horsemanship, 737–38
House of Gold, 829
Hudhayl, tribe, 173, 204, 210, 231, 263, 386, 550
Ḥumdān (Khumdān), 840
Hurmuzān, al-, 224
‘Ibādī (‘Ibādīyūn) al-, 209, 693
Ibāḍīyah, al-, 453, 466
1142
Iblīs (al-Shayṭān, the devil), 23, 778
‘Idad, al- (al-‘Iddah), 485, 529
Idols, Ṣābian, 755; Indian, 827–36; Chinese, 838-39
‘Ijl, tribe, 97, 232
Ijma‘, al-, 397, 432
Ijtihād, al-, 395
Ikhmīm, 865
I’lā (Īlā), al-, 485, 518, 529
Īliyā’, see Jerusalem
Imāmah, al-, (Imāmate), 404, 414, 417, 419, 425, 492, 570
Imāmīyah, al-, 436–42, 483, 487, 489, 491, 543
Imru’ al-Qays, tribe, 231
Incantations, see Talismans and Magic
India, Indians, 35, 39, 202, 225, 260, 574–76, 589–90, 644–45, 658, 665, 674, 715, 726, 736, 776, 799, 826–36, 868
Indian sects, 831–36
Initiation (Ṣābian), 769–72
Instruments, 672
‘Irāq, al-, 499, 574, 575
Irjā’, al-, 388, 397, 433, 447, 500
Isagoge, of Porphyry, 588, 632–33
Iṣbahān, 24, 178, 188, 271, 305, 469, 501, 531, 577, 578, 666, 817
Ishtar (Astarte), 766
Isma‘ihyah, al-, xvi, xviii, 462–73;
succession of the imāms, 465, n. 61;
stages of induction, 471
Israel, Israelites, 207–208
Iṣṭakhr (Persepolis), 225, 574
Istān, African tribe, 35
Istiqbāl, al-, of heavenly bodies, 760
Istiṭā‘ah, al-, 389, 391, 396, 406, 413, 422, 438, 439, 448, 453, 622
I‘tizāl, al-, 381, 393, 406, 415, 418, 429, 570
Iyād, tribe, 7, 204, 206, 207, 211, 217, 233, 410
Jabal, 171, 268, 305, 326, 498, 866
Jabal Sabalān, 819
Jabbul, 93
Jacobites, 46, 612, 631, 814
Jadīs, tribe, 8, 208, 219
Ja‘farīyah, al-, 492
Jahmīyah, al-, 395, 397, 417, 509, 553
Jalūlā’, 224
Jamā‘ah, al-, 215, 426, 449
Jamaḥ, 231, 249
Jamājim, Dayr al-, 202
Janb, tribe, 211
Janbūn(Janfū), 839
Janjayūn, al-, 808
Jarjān, 305
Jarm, tribe, 123
Jārūdīyah, al-, 443
Jayy, 577
Jazīrah, al-, 216, 225, 472
Jazīrat ibn ‘Umārah, 133
Jerusalem (Īliyā’), 224
Jew, Jews, Jewish, 27, 43, 44, 48, 115, 290, 357, 388, 406, 415, 419, 426, 652, 655, 659, 812, 813
Jibāl, al-, 474
Jinn, 209, 291, 539, 728–29, 756–57, 760, 823
Jisr, al-, 224
Judhām, tribe, 126, 211, 233
Juggling, 732
Juhaynah, tribe, 212
Jūkhā, 773, 808
Jumānah, 125
Jumaḥ, see Jamaḥ
Jun-bukt, 828
Junbulā’, 863
Jundī Sābūr (Shāpūr), 224, 580, 697–99, 794
Jupiter, 573, 755–67
Jurham, tribe, 9, 194, 207
Jurisprudence, see Law
Jurists, see Law
Jurjān, 225, 241
Jūr (Jawr) Jur’ān, 836
Jusham, tribe, 448
Ka‘bah, 9, 110, 117, 510, 539
Kābul, 225, 385, 499, 828
Kailāsa (Kaylāsa) mountain, 836
Kālā (Kālī), 832
Kalām, see Theology
Kalamūn, 7
Kalb, tribe, 206, 217, 222, 223, 464, 530
Kaldānīyūn, al-, 745
1143
Kalīlah wa-Dimnah, 260, 263, 276, 359, 715–16, 718
Kalwādhī, 464
Kankāyātrah, see Ganges pilgrims
Karaj, al-, 469
Karkh, al-, 301, 424, 437, 513
Karkh Juddān, 569
Karmān, 225, 259
Karnabā, 155
Kasdānī, 731, 863
Kashgar, 841
Kashṭīyūn, al-, 810
Kaysāniyah, al-, 823
Khālidiyah, al-, 373
Khamis, al- (the army), 258, 276, 482
Khānfū, see Canton
Kharāj, al- (land tax), 120, 218, 282, 285, 286, 297–99, 306, 397, 407, 506, 509, 510, 530
Khāriji, see Khawārij
Khath‘am, tribe, 212
Khaṭṭābiyah, al-, 462
Khawārij, al-, 115, 197, 223, 290, 380, 391, 452–54, 462, 466, 570, 627
Khawlān, tribe, 211
Khawlāniyun, al-, 812
Khayzurān, al-, 214, 500
Khazar, 36, 37
Khazraj, tribe, 118, 212, 215, 233, 243
Khindif, 204
Khizānat al-Hikmah (royal Ubrary), 262
Khmer, 831
Khoja, 462
Khurāsān, Khurāsāni, 24, 40, 89, 94, 106, 162, 216–18, 352, 419, 435, 467, 474, 483, 504, 709, 776, 792, 802, 803, 806, 822–24, 840
Khurram-ābādh, 824
Khurram-diniyah, 824
Khurramiyah, al-, 809, 817–22
Kshuzā‘ah, tribe, 212, 233, 358
Khuzaymah, tribe, 206, 231
Khūzistān, 159
Khwārizm, 114, 256, 531, 652
Kilāb, tribe, 210
Kīmiyā’, al-, see Alchemy
Kinānah, tribe, 196, 204, 207, 210, 230, 234, 349
Kindah, tribe, 205, 207, 211, 233
King Servers, 835
Kings of the Tribes (Provinces), 574, 608, 681, 718
Kirmān, 268
Kitāb, al-, see Book
Korea, see Sīlā, al-
Kuda‘, tribe, 256
Kūfah, al-, 10, 68, 81, 141–69, 170–91, 854
Kūfah Gate, 128, 179, 228
Kūh, al-, 669
Kullābīyah, al-, 449
Kunnāsh, al-, see Pandectae
Kurds, 225
Lahab, tribe, 212
Lakhm, tribe, 231, 233
Land tax, see Kharāj
Langobardi, 30
Language, Arabic, 6–9; Persian, 22–27
Law, code of Mālik, 493–498; Abū Ḥanīfah, 499–514; al-Shāfi‘ī, 515–27; Dā’ūd ibn ‘Alī, 528–34; Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, 533–34; al-Shī‘ah, 535–44; al-Ṭabarī, 563–68; upholders of al-Ḥadīth, 545–62; al-Shurāt, 569–70
Layth, tribe, 90, 92, 449
Leap (al-ṭafrah), 389, 393
Lexicographers, 94-96
Library of Polemaeanus at Ephesus, 586
Llaks, 38
Llān, 36
Logic, 616–17
Lūqīn, 830–31
Lydda, 718
Ma‘add, tribe, 7, 205, 207, 213, 229
Ma‘āfir, tribe, 211
Ma‘ānī, 395
Ma‘ānī al-Qur’ān, see Qur’ān, meaning
Mabsūṭ, al-, 496, 517, 519, 520, 564
Macedonia, 574, 815
Madā’in, al-, 24, 94, 216, 224, 548, 773, 792, 818
Madḥij, tribe, 211
Madīnah, al-, 10, 68, 81, 215–19, 227, 239, 242, 247, 383–84, 494, 543, 855
1144
Maghrib, al- (North Africa), 384, 465, 515
Magi, Magian, 32, 326, 357, 388, 395, 415, 419, 429, 469, 776, 817, 822
Magic, Magicians, 725–33, 758–65
Mahākālayah, al-, 832–33
Māhān, 807
Māhānīyah, al-, 807
Mahdī River, 532
Mahdīyah, al-, 466
Māh Nahāwand, 24
Mahrah, tribe, 212
Majūs, see Magi
Majūsīyah, al-, 469
Makhlūq, al- (Created), see Qur’ān
Makhzūm, tribe, 201, 231, 263, 349, 383, 401, 405
Makkah, 10, 68, 147, 157, 215–18, 240, 245, 250, 666
Makrān, 225, 830
Ma’mūnīyah, al-, 281
Manābiḍ, Battle, 236
Manādhir, 224
Manichaean, 299, 622, 811, 815; the founder, 773–76, 794; cosmology, 777–83, 786–88; creation of man, 783–86; Elect and Hearers, 788; ordinances, 789–91; future Ufe, 795–97; successors and sects, 791–94, 801–803; chiefs, 804–805; books and epistles, 797–801; script, 32, 37
Mānkīr, 827
Manṣūriyah, al-, 384, 417
Manzilah, al-, bayn al-manzilatayn, 384, 417, 422
Maqbarat Bāb al-Dayr, 524
Mār, al-, al-A‘lā wa-al-Mār al-Asfal, 794
Marcionite, 22, 806-807, 815
Ma’rib, tribe, 231
Māriyūn, al-, 812
Marj Rāhiṭ, 201
Marj al-Ṣuffar, 224
Mār Māri, 630
Maronites, 814, 816
Marrān, 385
Mars, 573, 643, 755–67, 861
Marw (Merv), 256, 301, 474, 622
Marwah, at Makkah, 486
Marwān, Marw, 301
Marw al-Rūdh (Rūz), 112, 420
Māsabadhān, 225
Masjid al-Sūr, 9
Maṣṣīṣah, al-, 199
Masturbation, 335
Mathematics, 634-72
Mawṣil, al-, xvii, xviii, 46, 74, 187, 306, 352, 374–75, 472, 473, 565, 576, 587, 601, 635, 667, 866
Maymūnīyah, al-, 462
Maysān, 91, 799
Mazdakiyah, al-, 817, 821
Māzin, region, 112; tribe, 118, 124
Mechanics, 642
Medicine, 620–21, 673–711
Melchite, 46, 814
Mercury (deity), 573, 753–67, 845, 861; (quicksilver), 848, 856
Meroe (Murāwah), African tribe, 35
Messiah, 579, 682, 807
Metaphysics, see Theology
Midian, tribe, 7
Miḥnah, al-, 412
Mihrijānqadhaq, 225
Mīkhā’il, Dayr, 866
Miletus, 586
Mimadh (Maymadh), 818
Mirbad, al-, 404
Mishna, 43
Miṣr, see Egypt and al-Fusṭāṭ
Moon, deity, 755–67; moon as silver, 856, 861, 868
Moon worshipers, 834
Morals, 739–42
Mt. Ābū, 836
Mu‘allaqāt, al-, 137, 180
Mu‘allaq Mosque, 505
Mubayyaḍah, al-, 109
Muḍar, tribe, 8, 142, 210, 221, 222, 235, 245; region, 751
Mufaḍḍaliyāt, al-, 151, 166
Mughīriyah, al-, 384, 417
Mughtasilah, al-, 774, 811–12
Muhājirūn, al-, 810
Muḥakkimah, al-, 417
Muḥammirah, al-, 817
Muḥārib, tribe, 203, 211, 213, 349
1145
Mujāshi‘, tribe, 113
Mujbirah, al-, 388, 391, 393, 394, 397, 413–15, 418, 446–51
Mukhallad, tribe, 9
Mulḥidah, al-, Mulḥidūn, 388, 393, 394, 416
Mūltān, al-, 828, 832–33
Mulūk al-Ṭawā’if, see Kings of the Tribes
Munkar, 228, 459
Munqar (Minqar), tribe, 202
Murād, tribe, 212, 233, 519
Murji’ah, al-, 257, 357, 380, 393, 416, 417, 429, 452, 508
Murrah, tribe, 211, 232
Musallā, al-, 162
Mushabbihah, al-, 171, 397, 404, 413, 416, 428, 429
Music, 618, 628, 643, 644, 672
Muslimīyah (Abū MusUmīyah) al-, 822–24
Muslīyah, tribe, 211
Musnad, al-, 9, 553, 554, 555–59, 561
Mutakallim (Mutakallimūn) al-, see Theology
Mu‘tazilah, al-, xvi, 300, 380–454, 510, 705
Muwaṭṭā’, al-, 494–96
Muzaynah, tribe, 210, 231, 349, 521
Nabataeans (al-Nabṭ), 22, 410, 590, 731, 811, 863
Nābitah, al-, 446–51
Nadīm, al- (court companion), xiv, I, 312, 409
Naḍr, tribe, 8
Nafīs, tribe, 8
Nahāwand, 224
Nahd, tribe, 212, 233
Nahrawān, 201, 223, 808
Nahr Tīrā, 224
Nahshal, tribe, 349
Naḥw, see Grammar
Na‘īm, al-, 413
Najadāt, al-, 417
Nājīyah, tribe, 201, 223, 453–54
Najjārīn, 488
Najrān, 836
Najrānī monk, 836–39
Nakha‘, tribe, 233
Nakīr, 228
Namir, tribe, 212, 232, 234
Nard, al-, 304, 408
Nasāh (Nasā’ah) al-, 398
Nashshāsh, 210
Naṣībīn, 327, 866
Nāsikh, al-, wa-al-mansūkh, see Abrogating
Naṣr, tribe, 211, 239
Nativity, nativities, 622, 640–59
Nawfal, tribe, 213, 326
Naysābūr, 339, 425, 488, 589, 667
Negro races, 35
Nestorian, Nestorians, 209, 813, 814, 836–37
New Testament, 45
Nihāwand, see Nahāwand
Nikkārī, al-, 466
Nīl, al-, 141
Nīsābūr, see Naysābūr
Nīṣībīn, see Naṣībīn
Nizār, 208
North, 746, 757–64
Nubia, 35, 36, 225
Nukhaylah, al-, 224
Numayr, tribe, 232, 246, 247, 349, 396
Obscure (gharīb) in the Qur’ān, see Qur’ān
Old Testament, books of, 44, 45
Oratory, orators, 273
Oxus River, 776, 801, 812
Palmyra, 218, 462
Pandect (pandectae), 696, 697, 700, 711
Paper, 39, 58-60
Parchment, 40
Parthian, Parthians, 575, 775
Penmanship, see calligraphy
Pens, excellence, 18, 19; sharpening, 38
Perfume, 742
Peripatetics, 596
Persia, Persians, 259, 263, 575–82, 589, 674, 713–17, 736, 739
Personal opinion (al-ra’y), 395, 397, 409, 499, 502–504, 511
1146
Philology, see Language
Philosopher’s Stone, 843, 851, 859, 863
Philosophy, philosophers, 571–633
Physiognomy, 736
Pigeons, 342, 376, 748–49
Pleiades, 767
Poetry, poets, 243, 307, 343–76
Poisons, 743
Preacher, see Oratory
Pyramids, 579, 845–47
Qaḍā’, al-, 447, 450
Qadar, al~, 447, 450
Qadariyah, al-, 383, 385, 388, 445, 453, 500
Qādim, tribe, 211
Qādisīyah, al-, 224
Qāhirah, al- (Cairo), 467
Qaḥṭān, tribe, 129, 229
Qala‘ah, al-, 224
Qala‘at Surraq, 225
Qamar, al-, see Moon
Qandahār, 830
Qānṣū (Kan-chou), 840
Qarāmaṭah, al-, 463–64, 513
Qarasat, 7
Qariṣ, 342
Qariyat (Qaryaṭ) al-Anṣār, 58
Qaryat al-‘Abdā (‘Abd Allāh), 225
Qāsimīyah, 482
Qaṣr ibn Hubayrah, 334
Qaṣr al-Jaṣṣ, 661
Qasr Waḍḍāḥ, 425
Qass Bahrām, 464
Qaṭīf, 464
Qayn, tribe, 231, 233, 349
Qays, tribe, 116, 204, 207, 210, 232
Qayṭarān (Ṣābian group), 753
Qazwīn, 820
Qiblah, al-, 484, 529, 541, 661
Qimār, 830–31
Qinnasrin, 265
Qirriyah, tribe, 376
Qissat al-Ghazāl, 206
Qiyān, see Slave girls
Qiyās, al- (analogy), 440, 513, 523, 533, 545
Qubrus (Cyprus), 224
Quḍā‘ah, tribe, 207, 212, 233
Quft (Qifṭ), see Coptos
Quhunduz, al-, 577
Qumm (Qūm), 216, 480–81, 541
Qunnā, 773
Qur’ān, al-, authorized version, 47; order of revelation, 49–53; manuscript of ‘Abd Allāh ibn Mas’ūd, 53–58; of Ubayy ibn Ka‘b, 58–61; of ‘Ali, 62; collectors, 62; readers, 63–74, 78, 84, 139; commentary, 75–76; meaning, 76, 396; technicalities, 78–83; obscure terms, 77; expressions, 78; al-makhlūq (created), 389, 393, 397, 401, 408, 412–21, 429–30.
Quraysh, tribe, 9, 48, 124, 205, 207–13, 221–22, 243, 245
Qussīn, 863
Rabadhah, al-, 223
Rabḍ, al-, fī al-Qaṭ‘ah, 476
Rabī‘ah, tribe, 204, 206, 207, 211, 217, 221, 222, 232, 234, 235, 349, 541
Rāfiḍah, al- (al-Rawāfiḍ), 99, 357, 397, 405, 414, 417, 453, 482, 489
Rahā’, tribe, 211
Rāhit, 116
Rajamarityah, see King servers
Rajaz, 102, 108, 254, 356, 358, 359
Rāmhurmuz, 225
Raqqah, al-, 306, 504, 661
Ra’s, al-, 751, 753–54
Ra’s al-‘Ayn, 201, 238
Ra’s Qarmat, 464
Rawāfid, al-, see Rāfiḍah
Rāwandīyah, al-, 238, 504–505
Ra’y, al-, see Personal opinion
Rayy, al-, 24, 106, 144, 216, 225, 267, 336, 464, 468, 472, 474, 564, 701, 823
Rayyā, 125
Reading, readers, see Qur’ān
Revolutions (transfers of years), 640–57
Rhinoceros, 838
River of Sand, 841
Rome, Roman, 579, 636; see also Byzantine
Round City at Baghdād, 167
Rūmaqān, 808
1147
Ruṣāfah, al-, 84, 162, 214
Russia, 37
Rustāq, al-, 469, 803
Rustāq Jayy, 577
Rūstuqbādh (Rūstaqubādh), 117, 202, 224
Rūwā, 822
Ṣā, 7, 845
Ṣābaḥ al-Bāṭa’iḥ (Mughtasilah), 811
Sābāṭ Abī Nūḥ, 463
Sābāṭ Rūmī, 505
Ṣābians (Ṣābah, Ṣābīyūn), 628, 647, 661, 745–72; headmen, 759–64, 768–69; initiation, 769–72; al-Ibrāhīmīyah, 41, 756; fasts, 747; feasts, 748, 755–67; prayers, 747; deities, 755–67; sacrifices, 747–48
Sābtā, 757
Sābūr, 382
Sa‘d, tribe, 97, 100, 177, 211, 231, 232, 236
Sa‘dah, 482
Sadūs, tribe, 232, 383, 384
Ṣafā‘inah, al-, see Buffoons
Ṣaḥābah, al-, 260
Ṣaḥīḥ, al-, 555, 556, 561
Sahm, tribe, 213, 231
Ṣahratāj, 224
Sakāsik, tribe, 211, 233
Sakūn, tribe, 211
Salāmān, tribe, 212
Salamīyah, 462–63, 465
Salamsīn, 753
Sāmah, tribe, 231
Samanīyah, al-, see Shamanīyah
Samarqand, 32, 178, 411, 482, 802, 803, 805
Sāmarrā, 72,124,138, 152, 247, 313, 386, 439, 449, 469
Samurah, tribe, 220
Samurah ibn Jundab, tribe, 220, 649
Ṣana‘ā’, 9, 194
Sanbīl, 224
Ṣanf, al-, 830-31
Sanskrit, 833–35
Saqālibah, 674
Saqīfah, 215
Sarāh (Sarāb, Sarāw), 819
Sarcophagus, 847
Sārwayh, 577, 579
Sasanian (Sāsānī, Sāsānid), 469, 713
Saturn, 622, 755–67, 861
Sawād, al-, 24, 117, 126, 217, 272, 286, 295, 296, 573, 581
Sawād al-Kūfah, 463–64
Saxons (and Langobardi), 30
Ṣaymarah, al-, 427
Saymūrus (semeion), 22
Scripts (writing), Arabic origins, 6; Himyarite, 9; Arabic forms, 10–16; Qur’ānic, 10; Syriac, 22; Persian, 22–27; Hebrew, 27; Greek, 28; Langobardi, 30; Saxon, 30; Chinese, 31; Manichaean and Marcion, 32; Ṣughd, 33; Sind, 34; Negro, 35; Turkish, 36; Russian, 37; Frank, 38; Armenian, 38; magic and alchemy, 864
Scriptures, 42–62
Secretary (al-kātib), secretaries, 257–73, 407
Seven Readers, see Qur’ān
Seven heavenly bodies, 755
Seven Houses of Wisdom, 573, 845
Sex, 719–23
Shackled, 835
Shādhkūh, 669
Shahrak, 255
Shahrazūr, 569
Shām, al-, 69, 216, 218, 224, 225, 275
Shamanīyah (Shamanites), 801, 824, 839, 842
Shams, al- (Helios), see Sun
Shaybān, tribe, 150, 209, 232, 349, 437, 504, 537, 659
Shī‘ah, Shī‘ī (Shiite), xvi, xviii, 195, 306, 334, 363, 404, 436–45, 467, 474, 479–92, 535–44, 557
Shīliyūn, al-, 812
Shimshāṭ, 339
Shīrāz, 341
Shirwān, 38
Shitranj, al-, see Chess
Shurāt (Shurāh), 99, 193, 247, 563, 569–570
Shu‘ūbīyah, al-, 230, 245, 262, 299, 469
1148
Sībūn (Si-fou), 839
Sicily, 590, 594
Sidrah al-Muntahī, 459
Ṣiff‘īn, Battle of, 117, 201, 202, 215, 241, 553
Sijistān, 24, 225, 569, 581, 829
Sikbāj, al-, 319, 322, 742
Sikkat al-Khiraqī (Kharaqī), 855
Sikkat Ṣalīḥ, 133
Sikkat Ṭarkhān, 488
Sīlā, al- (Silla, Korea), 840
Sind, al-, 34, 576
Singer, singers interested in poetry, 307–742, 408, 628
Sinn, al-, 569
Sīrāf, 130, 136, 451
Ṣīraṭ, al-, 459
Siva, 832
Slave girls, 309, 317, 324, 405
Sophists, 388, 617, 622, 629
Sorcery, see Magic
Sources (uṣūl al-fiqr), 415, 519, 536
Spherics, 617
Stageira (Stagira), 594, 596, 597
Stories, 712-24, 734-42; Thousand Tales, 713, 715; kings, 718; love and passion, 719–24
Ṣudā’, tribe, 211
Ṣūfī, al- (Ṣūfīs), 417, 455–61, 474; names of famous Ṣūfīs, 455
Sughd (Soghdiana), 33, 196, 803
Sulaym, tribe, 211, 212, 232, 322, 395, 551
Sulaymānīyah (paper), 40, 351
Ṣulbīyah, 118
Sullā, 278
Sumatar, 755–56
Sun, object of worship, 755-67; in alchemy, 856, 861, 868
Sun worshipers, 833
Sundials, 619, 654, 655, 660, 663, 664
Sung, 836-37
Sunnah, al-, 215, 495
Sunnayq, 210
Sūq al-Ahwāz, 425
Sūq al-‘Aṭash, 70, 432
Sūq al-Ghazl, 383
Sūq al-Silāḥ, 134
Sūq al-Warrāqīn, 320
Sūraḥūn, al-, 128
Surra Man Ra’ā, see Sāmarrā
Surraq, 225
Sūs, al- (Susa, Shushan), 224, 476, 477
Syria, Syrian, 22, 79, 81, 201, 202, 215, 257, 259, 462, 564, 575, 629, 726
Syriac, 22, 24, 36, 38, 590, 599–606, 611, 632, 633, 640, 648, 797
Ṭabaristān, 225, 253, 464, 468, 481, 482, 669
Ṭābikhah, tribe, 204, 207, 231
Ṭabriz, 819
Ṭaghlib, tribe, 230, 232, 234
Ṭāhā, 512
Ṭāhiriyah, al-, 94
Ṭā’if, al-, 216, 509
Ṭājūhah (T’ai-yuan, Tājah), 837
Takht, al-, 665, 670
Takrit, 434
Ṭālaqān, al-, 464, 474
Talisman, talismans, 726–27, 732–33, 743, 754, 861, 864
Tall ‘Ukbarā, 569, 570
Tamīn, tribe, 204, 206, 207, 217, 231, 385, 483, 549, 581
Tammūz, 758, 766
Tanbur (Ṭanbūr), 319, 332, 336, 342, 358
Ṭāq al-Harrānl, 329
Ṭāq al-Zibl, 310
Ṭāqāt al-‘Akkī, 509
Tarsus (Ṭarsūs), 156, 313
Tar‘ ‘Ūz, 753
Tāshqand, 803
Tasm, tribe, 8, 115, 208, 219
Ṭawā’if, al-, see Kings of the Tribes
Tawallud, al-, 391, 393
Taym, tribe, 204, 210, 213, 231, 232,493, 501
Tayma’, tribe, 8
Taym Allāh, tribe, 499, 541
Ṭayy (Ṭayyi’), tribe, 211, 217, 233, 349, 377
Ṭayyār, 97
Tha‘alabah, tribe, 151
Tha‘ālibah, al-, 452
1149
Thamūd, tribe, 207, 476
Thaqīf, tribe, 211, 222, 232, 300
Thawr, tribe, 210, 545
Theology, theologians, 379–492
Thoth, 845, 848
Thu‘al, tribe, 217
Thumālah, tribe, 128
Tibet, Tibetans, 37, 836, 840–42
Tigris, 418
Tihāmah, 89
Tonkin, 831
Torah, al-, 42-45
Translation, translators, Greek and Latin, 586–89; Persian and Indian, 589
Transoxiana, 32, 801, 802, 823–24
Tribes, their faults and virtues, 231–34
Ṭūbā tree, 459
Tūḍiḥ, 311
Tughuzghuz, 802, 840, 842
Tunbur (Ṭunbūr), see Tanbur
Tunis, 466
Tūnkath, 33, 803
Ṭūr, al- (Mt. Sinai), 488
Turks, 33, 36, 37, 726, 739, 802, 823, 840
Tūrūniyah, al-, 37
Tustar (Shuster), 23, 224
Tūz, al-, 39, 576–78, 847
Uballah, al-, 225
Udad, tribe, 212
‘Udhrah, tribe, 212
Ujurr, al- (Cupola of), 764
‘Ukl (‘Ukal), tribe, 102, 210, 231
‘Ulays, tribe, 464
‘Umān, 133, 136, 237, 569
Umayyah, Banū, 39, 108, 196, 197, 218, 264, 308, 502, 823
‘Umrān, 282
‘Uqayl, tribe, 383, 384, 385
Usayd ibn Abī al-‘Īs, clan, 547
Uṣūl, al-, see Sources
‘Uthmānīyah, al-, 404–405
Venus, 755–67, 861
Veterinary (surgery), 738–39
Vision of al-Ma’mūn, 583
Wa‘amlakmā, 811
Wa‘īd, al-, 391, 392, 393, 396, 413, 416, 423
Wāqifah, al-, 417
Wāqūṣah, al-, 224
Warfare, 737–38
Warrāq, Warrāqūn, xiv, 1, 94, 97, 126, 255, 304, 320, 402, 407, 425, 631, 723, 855
Wāsiṭ, 216, 319, 377, 491, 504, 551, 657
Water clock, see Clepsydra
Wayl, tribe, 116
Women, poetesses and scholars, 103, 361–62
Yabrīn, 143
Yamāmah, 47, 116, 216, 225, 507
Yaman, al- (Yemen), 116, 123, 128, 207, 208, 216, 218, 221, 222, 233, 235, 462, 464, 466, 468, 521, 546, 674
Yarbū‘, tribe, 231, 349
Yarmūk, al-, 224
Yashkur, tribe, 118, 195, 232, 349
Yifrān, Berber tribe, 466
Zabrukh, al-, 757, 764
Zabulistān, 225
Zabūr, al- (Psalms), 43
Zaghāwah, Negro tribe, 35
Ẓāhirīyah, al-, 179
Ẓahr, Battle of, 236
Zamm, 256
Zamzam Well, 202, 241
Zanādiqah, al- (al-zandīq), 264, 357, 415, 416, 422, 437, 468, 739, 802–804
Zanātā, Berber tribe, 466
Zanj, al-, 130, 133, 279, 329
Zanjān, 820
Zawzan, 38
Zayd, tribe, 210
Zaydīyah, al-, xvii, 380, 404, 405, 443–445, 481–82
Zaytūn, 839
Zīj al-Shahriyār, 578, 589
Ziyādīyūn, al-, 391
Zoroastrians, 299, 802
Zubayd, tribe, 213, 233
Zuhrah, tribe, 231
Zun-bukt, 828